*AFRICAN'S IN PRE-COLUMBIAN AMERICA:* A great deal of the Mounds located in North America contained ancient Libyan (ancient Libyan's were Dark-skin African's) and Nubian scripts, artifacts, alphabets, and inscriptions. Some which can be traced back to the "Mandingo Tribe" in Africa. In the famous Ohio Seip Mound, a Nubian sculptured head was found, it dated back to 1,000 B.C., but far older artifacts were found in other Burial Mounds. There's also signs of the Muslim presence in pre-Columbian America Burial Mounds. Then a careful study of Native American Indian tribal names has revealed that many of the names are derived from Arab and Islamic roots and/or origins, such as the; Anasazi, Apache, Arawak, Algonquin, Arikana, Chavin, Cherokee, Cree, Hohokam, Hupa, Hopi, Iroquois, Makkah, Mahigan, Mohawk, Nazca, Zulu, and Zuni. The Algonquian Language contain words with arabic roots that pertain to; navigation, astronomy, meteorology, medicine, and anatomy. How can some of you "so-called" historian's continue to ignore ancient artifacts and records that prove the existence of oceanic voyages of cultures thousands of years prior to Columbus? Blacks owned about one million square miles of land in the "Louisiana Territories" and the South Eastern and Florida region, as well as California. In all these areas of the U.S., there were the Black Aboriginal Indigenous Inhabitant nations that existed before Columbus' arrival. Black Indians are not solely a result of African slaves mixing with so-called Red Indians who were fleeing from slavery as many documented sources would have you to believe. Black Indians are indigenous to America—North, South, and Central before the so-called Red Man, before the Europeans, before the so-called Bering Strait crossings. The Olmecs, Washitaw, Moors, Yamasee, Mound Builders planted the seed of civilization in the Americas—Black Indians!" The Washitaw were direct descendants of the Olmecs who mixed in the Malian Moors (Abu Bakari II of ca. 1311 CE of Mali). The name “Washitaw” comes from the Washita River which flows along Northwest Texas and Oklahoma to the Red River where the Cheyenne Native Americans lived with the Chawasha, meaning “Raccoon People.” The Washo were a Negroid tribe living above the New Orleans Bayou and were of Tunican linguistic stock. The name “Washitaw” is a derivative of the term “Ouachita” or what is now “Wichita.” The term is a Choctaw term which means “Big Arbor” which represented the Grass thatched homes. The Washitaw was originally from lower Mississippi, Louisiana, and Alabama (named after Nubian-Sudanese Ali Baba). The tribe was officially named “Wichita” by the US Government in the Camp Holmes Treaty of 1835. The Wichita were also known as “Paniwassaha” or by the French Panioussa which means “Black Pawnee.” French traders from Illinois called them “Pani Pique” which means Tattooed Pawnee. The Washitaw or Raccoon People were called Raccoons because of their black faces. When describing the Washitaw, the French describes the blacks who lived in the large grass houses. The tribe is the descendants of the Olmecs and Toltecs of Mexico. The Washitaw are still African Negritic peoples and they, like many of the ancient Blacks who live in the Americas became victims of the Papal Edict which opened the way for the colonialization of the New World and the taking of people into slavery and occupation of their lands. The Washitaw build hundreds of earthen pyramid mounds all over the southern and midwestern parts of the U.S. Some, such as the mound at Poverty Point in Louisiana is one of the most sacred sites of the Washitaw. Skeletons found in Washitaw gravesites from the pre-Columbian period show a tall people with characteristics similar to Africans.